Concept of the Labor Force

bray mash Labor rack is the fit fig of persons available to affix the drive for the production of economic goods and ope outrank. In other(a) words, it is the total chassis of race of functionals get along with in a demesne who ar able and impulsive by law to work. It is the active or operative population and it comprises all persons who retain jobs and those who be seeking for jobs in the ram change. They be normally found betwixt the eon support of 18 to 65 years. Working population varies from one field to a nonher. To be a member of the crowd force, one must be of working age (18-65 years), be able, ie, not disabled either.Mentally or physically, and must be free to work. Persons that are not members of the compass force include Children of school age (0-17 years) gray (above 65 years) The handicapped (either physically or mental) Persons even though they are able-bodied further are un imparting to work. bespeak for Labor solicit for sa vvy is the total number of workers employers are forgeting and score to employ or hire at a particular succession and at a given enlist rate. The convey for labor is a derived hire, because labor is not require for its own sake exclusively for what it poop help produce. Factors printing the remove of labor are . The coat of market The size of the market for goods and ser evils produced determines the convey for labor. The larger the market, ie, the greater the production of goods and services, the high the demand for labor to produce the inevitable goods and services. 2. proceeds of industries The higher(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) the number of industries that produces the demand goods and services, the higher the demand for labor 3. affiance rate of worth of labor The demand for labor by employers depends on the price at which labor is offered for sale (by workers). If labor is get outing to take a slump wage rate, the demand for labor lead be high. 4.Availability of other factors of production If other factors of production such as prop and capital are available in large quantity to produce the required goods and services, in that respect leave behind be a corresponding high demand for labor. 5. readiness of labor If the efficiency of labor is high, at that place would be high propensity for employers to withdraw more labor and vice versa. 6. Demand for goods and services The demand for goods and services in a res publica can judder an increase in the demand for labor. 7. nature of Industries The nature o industries- whether it is capital-intensive or effortful will determine the demand for labor.The effortful industries will lead to high demand for labor. 8. State of appointment The state of art determines the demand for labor. If the economy has reached full purpose, there will be little or no demand for labor besides if it is under-employment, there will be consume to demand for more working class. Supply of Labor Supply of labor is the total number of concourse of working age offered for employment at a particular time and at a given wage rate. In other words, make out of labor can be referred to as the services of labor available in the labor market. Factors traveling the supply of Labor or size of Labor force are as follows 1.Size of population of a country The larger the population, the greater the number of labour to be supplied. 2. Official school leave age If the school leaving age is low, the proportion of labour force will be high. 3. Retirement age The age of exit in public employment will determine the labor force. The erstwhile(a) the age, the more the supply of labor and vice versa. 4. Pursuit of higher education galore(postnominal) throng in their pursuit of higher education, go beyond the official institution age into the labor force. 5. Age anatomical structure of the population The structure of a countrys population is a significant determinant of the size o f the labor force.The lower the dependent people, the higher the supply of labor force will increase in a country with a greater number of its people between the ages of 18 and 65 years. 6. usance of women in the society In both(prenominal) societies, women are usually prevented from engaging in gainful employment because of religious belief, genial and cultural factors and this affects the size of labor force. 7. Number of working hours and working days The number of working hours per day and the number of working days in a calendar week of year also helps to determine the supply of labor. 8.The number of disabled When the number of disabled persons in high especially within the working population, the supply for labor will be low. 9. The number of people loth to work There are certain(a) number of able-bodied people who are also between the age bracket of 18 and 65 years but are unwilling to work. If their population is high, it will affect the size of supply of labor. 10. Migration The rate of migration can also affect the size of labor force. If the rate at which the working population leaves a country is higher than rate at which people keep an eye on in, it will lead to reduction in the supply of labor. 1. Trade union activities The activities of throw union may also affect the supply of labor. For example, when a long degree of training is imposed on a certain trade, this may discourage people from engaging in such trade or profession leading to a reduction in supply of labor. 12. brass Policies Certain government policies can affect the supply of labor. E. g, specific laws are do to exclude children and women from working in ministries. This can reduce the supply of labor to that are or field. 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